Implementation of sequential cropping into JULESvn5.2 land-surface model

Abstract. Land-surface models (LSMs) typically simulate a single crop per year in field or location. However, actual cropping systems are characterized by succession of distinct cycles that sometimes interspersed with long periods bare soil. Sequential (also known as multiple double cropping) is particularly common tropical regions, where the seasons largely dictated main wet season. In this paper, we implement sequential branch Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES) and demonstrate its use at sites France India. We all crops grown within location seamless way to understand how influences surface fluxes land-surface model. evaluate JULES Avignon, France, providing over 15 years continuous flux observations (a point simulation). apply rice–wheat rotation regional 25 km resolution gridded simulation for northern Indian states Uttar Pradesh Bihar four single-grid-box simulations across these states, each grid box. The inclusion secondary using method presented does not change growth development primary crop. During growing period, carbon energy Avignon India modified; they unchanged period. For India, affects available soil moisture top 1.0 m throughout year, larger fluctuations compared single-crop even outside simulates locations run, representing both one season rotations presented. This step forward ability regions system already prevalent. It also provides opportunity assess potential other an adaptation climate change.